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dTal commented on The Singularity will occur on a Tuesday   campedersen.com/singulari... · Posted by u/ecto
OkayPhysicist · 4 hours ago
> We really have no idea how did ability to have a conversation emerge from predicting the next token.

Maybe you don't. To be clear, this is benefiting massively from hindsight, just as how if I didn't know that combustion engines worked, I probably wouldn't have dreamed up how to make one, but the emergent conversational capabilities from LLMs are pretty obvious. In a massive dataset of human writing, the answer to a question is by far the most common thing to follow a question. A normal conversational reply is the most common thing to follow a conversation opener. While impressive, these things aren't magic.

dTal · 4 hours ago
>In a massive dataset of human writing, the answer to a question is by far the most common thing to follow a question.

No it isn't. Type a question into a base model, one that hasn't been finetuned into being a chatbot, and the predicted continuation will be all sorts of crap, but very often another question, or a framing that positions the original question as rhetorical in order to make a point. Untuned raw language models have an incredible flair for suddenly and unexpectedly shifting context - it might output an answer to your question, then suddenly decide that the entire thing is part of some internet flamewar and generate a completely contradictory answer, complete with insults to the first poster. It's less like talking with an AI and more like opening random pages in Borge's infinite library.

To get a base language model to behave reliably like a chatbot, you have to explicitly feed it "a transcript of a dialogue between a human and an AI chatbot", and allow the language model to imagine what a helpful chatbot would say (and take control during the human parts). The fact that this works - that a mere statistical predictive language model bootstraps into a whole persona merely because you declared that it should, in natural English - well, I still see that as a pretty "magic" trick.

dTal commented on Credentials for Linux: Bringing Passkeys to the Linux Desktop   alfioemanuele.io/talks/20... · Posted by u/alfie42
digiown · 2 days ago
Corporate interests HATE general purpose computing, and the freedom to run what you want. With that freedom, you can hurt their interests by blocking ads, stripping out spyware, or avoiding giving up your privacy, and they can't let you have that.

It's a death by thousand cuts that's finally starting to come together:

- Remote attestation like Play "integrity"

- Hardware backed DRM like Widevine

- No full access to filesystem on Android, and no access to filesystem at all on iOS

- No ability to run your own programs at all on iOS without Apple's permission.

- "Secure" boot on Android and iOS that do not allow running your own software

Ever wondered why Windows 11 have a TPM requirement? No, it's not just planned obsolescence.

If they get their way, user-owned computers running free software will never be usable again, and we'll lose the final escape hatch slowing down the enshittification of computers. The only hope we have is that they turn up the temperature a little too quickly that normies would catch on before it gets far enough.

dTal · 14 hours ago
Don't forget an entire new category of computing, AI, which is teetering on the edge of requiring processors from one manufacturer, which in turn requires gigabytes of closed-source runtime. Today, you can do functionally more with a computer with an nVidia chip, driven by their binary blobs, than with any other hardware - even though the application software is usually Free. It's a dangerous situation. We are so used to general purpose compute substrate being "free software friendly", but this amounts to a new type of CPU that categorically requires a closed-source OS to be useful.
dTal commented on Credentials for Linux: Bringing Passkeys to the Linux Desktop   alfioemanuele.io/talks/20... · Posted by u/alfie42
madphilosopher · 2 days ago
General purpose computers, copyright, a free society. Pick two.
dTal · 15 hours ago
Is this supposed to be a difficult choice?
dTal commented on Total surface area required to fuel the world with solar (2009)   landartgenerator.org/blag... · Posted by u/robtherobber
owenversteeg · 2 days ago
The land use issue is the main reason why we still need moonshot research into things like fusion. As a species we have always been limited by the cost of energy. I was shocked when I learned that world energy consumption was ~13 exajoules in 1800, ~18 in 1820, ~75 in 1945, and ~550 in 2020. Energy consumption from the Founding Fathers to WW2 only rose by a factor of four!? We went from horses - 1800 was before the first steam train - to supersonic flight with only six times the energy!? And today, in the time of the hyperscalers, we use only 30x the energy of 200 years ago!

With solar I doubt we will see costs well under, say, a half cent per kWh. Even when the land and panels are ~free, the surface area of that much aluminum/glass/wiring/infrastructure has a cost. And a half cent is cheap, but not too cheap to meter. You could get a barrel of oil in the late 1800s for ~$20 of today's money, roughly 1 cent/kWh of thermal energy or 3 cents if you run it in today's plants to make electricity. The idea that a _time machine to the 1800s_ would be a cost-effective way to obtain energy is patently absurd and I suspect the man with a handlebar mustache who would sell you the energy would think it similarly absurd; it certainly isn't true for any other serious industrial input. But energy is unique.

At 0.5 cents you're not going to scale global energy use by orders of magnitude. And if you want any of the various promised sci-fi scenarios (flying cars, large scale high speed travel, scaled up space travel, true recycling) you need orders of magnitude more energy.

Don't get me wrong, solar is a great solution for today. But I don't think it's the solution for the future that many people dream of.

dTal · 2 days ago
I have the opposite reaction to your historical energy figures - energy consumption is clearly not as important to technological progress as we imagine. If there's only a 4x difference between the Founding Fathers and B29s carrying nukes, why should there be orders of magnitude between today and [insert scifi]?

No, the real question is, where the hell is this exponential increase coming from? I think anyone would agree that, along most obvious metrics, the difference between 1800 and 1945 is much more pronounced than between 1945 and 2020. Yet the first was a 4x increase, and the second, over 7x. And in a third the time, too.

I'd like to see it broken down by country. I'll bet a lot of the increase actually comes from very poor countries turning into rich ones. In the west, our at-home per-capita energy use has not changed much from 1945 - may even have declined for some demographics (1945 houses were poorly insulated). But China lifted some hundreds of millions of peasant farmers into a middle class existence. That's got to be a bigger factor than the fact that I own a laptop and my grandpa didn't.

dTal commented on Data Brokers Can Fuel Violence Against Public Servants   wired.com/story/how-data-... · Posted by u/achristmascarl
pc86 · 7 days ago
Perhaps a uniquely American opinion, but employees can opt out quickly and easily by not getting paid by public funds. Most public sector jobs have private sector equivalents. If you want to help people find jobs and your privacy is important enough to make public sector work untenable, get a job with one of the private sector organizations that does that.

> elected officials...have to expose their street address to get elected. This generates real risk.

Is there an epidemic of local German politicians being harassed and assaulted at their homes?

I can think of no reason why constituents should not know where the people in power over them live. Elected officials should not be able to hide from their constituents.

dTal · 6 days ago
Setting aside "elected officials"... government employees are already undercompensated compared to the private sector, making it difficult to attract talent. Eroding their personal rights and exposing them to personal risk on top of that is a recipe for shrinking the government to nothing. Do that and you might as well cut to the chase and hand the whole kit and kaboodle over to the private sector and be done with it.
dTal commented on Linux From Scratch ends SysVinit support   lists.linuxfromscratch.or... · Posted by u/cf100clunk
cyberax · 8 days ago
The problem here is more fundamental.

Lennart refused to make all the /etc/fstab options available in regular mount units. And yes, there was an issue, no I'm too tired to look for it. The wording was pretty much: "Give up, and gtfo, this is not going to happen. Just because."

I'm convinced that systemd can't be fixed by its current team of maintainers. They are just... untidy.

I don't know about you, but if I end up writing low-level code that _needs_ to know whether the mounted file system is "remote", I won't do that by comparing against a hard-coded list of filesystems inside PID0. Or by using wild heuristics ("if it's on a block device, then it's local").

I would put these heuristics in a helper tool that populates the default values for mount units. Then allow users to override them as needed. With a separate inspector tool to flag possible loops.

dTal · 8 days ago
This is one example of a more general complaint about systemd and related projects: they force policy, rather than simply providing mechanisms.

I recently did a deep dive on my laptop because I was curious about an oddity - the /sys file to change my screen backlight (aside, why /sys and not /dev anyway?) was writable only by root - yet any desktop shell running as my user had no problem reacting to brightness hotkeys. I wondered, how did this privilege escalation work? Where was the policy, and what property of my user account granted it the right to do this?

It turns out the answer is that the desktop shells are firing off a dbus request to org.freedesktop.login1, which is caught by systemd-logind - or elogind in my case, since I do not care for systemd. A login manager seemed an odd place for screen brightness privilege escalation, but hey if it works whatever - it seemed like logind functioned as a sort of miscellaneous grab bag of vaguely console-related stuff. Generally speaking, it consults polkit rules to determine whether a user is allowed to do a thing.

Not screen brightness, though. No polkit rules. Nothing in pkaction. logind was unilaterally consenting to change the brightness on my behalf. And on what grounds? It wasn't documented anywhere so I had to check the source code, where I found a slew of hardcoded criteria that mostly revolve around physical presence at the machine. Want to change screen brightness over ssh? Oh but why would you ever want to do that? Hope you have root access, you weirdo.

I removed elogind. A few odds and ends broke. But nobody tells me what to do with my machine.

dTal commented on Linux From Scratch ends SysVinit support   lists.linuxfromscratch.or... · Posted by u/cf100clunk
ktm5j · 8 days ago
From the announcement, it saddens them too:

> As a personal note, I do not like this decision. To me LFS is about learning how a system works. Understanding the boot process is a big part of that. systemd is about 1678 "C" files plus many data files. System V is "22" C files plus about 50 short bash scripts and data files.

However the reasoning they provide makes sense.. It's hard to build a Linux system with a desktop these days without Sysd.

dTal · 8 days ago
Is it? What's the connection between systemd and having a desktop?
dTal commented on The TSA's New $45 Fee to Fly Without ID Is Illegal   frommers.com/tips/airfare... · Posted by u/donohoe
dTal · 8 days ago
45 dollars? Form 415? Maybe I'm jumping at shadows but this smells like a Trump dogwhistle.
dTal commented on Guest Post from an Iranian   scottaaronson.blog/?p=953... · Posted by u/Tomte
tptacek · 10 days ago
I don't recall that being any part of the rationale for the US war in Iraq (which, to be clear, will hopefully go down as the least just war the US ever instigated). "We'll be greeted as liberators" was trotted out as a mitigation for how bad occupations normally are, but we were going whether or not that was true. The Iraq war was not a war of liberation against an unjust government. It was a war of choice against a country that happened to have a horrendously unjust government.

The pretext for the Iraq war was that they were involved in 9/11 and possessed weapons of mass destruction.

dTal · 10 days ago
It absolutely was a large part of the general snowstorm of rationales offered. "Regime change" they called it, remember?

This Guardian article[0] is a wonderful little window into the zeitgeist of the time. You can see that many commentators explicitly cite the "brutal dictator" rationale, notably Salman Rushdie.

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/jan/19/foreignpoli...

dTal commented on We can’t send mail farther than 500 miles (2002)   web.mit.edu/jemorris/humo... · Posted by u/giancarlostoro
pinusc · 11 days ago
Units is a cool piece of software, but I have since switched to qalculate. Mostly units has some silly defaults like needing to type tempC(30) instead of 30C; and it's nice to have a full calculator.

I know it's a way to specify that the conversion is absolute rather than relative, but qalculate just asks you about it the first time you convert, and since converting oven and outside temperatures is most of what I do, I don't havr to bother with remembering a different syntax.

Also qalculate is an awesome piece of software in general, so if you're excited by units you should check it out!

dTal · 10 days ago
+1 for qalculate

Favorite feature: you can type in any equation, writing 'x' for an unknown quantity, and it will solve for x. This comes in handy to avoid having to engage brain even for simple calculations. How many pixels per mm is 96 DPI? Just type 96/inch = x/mm. Sure you could rearrange it yourself but why bother?

u/dTal

KarmaCake day17723June 2, 2013View Original