Immigration’s impact on wages, especially in the long term, is not as straightforward as “less supply → higher pay.” Multiple studies from the U.S. National Academies of Sciences and leading labor economists find that immigration has only small effects on native-born workers’ wages, and in most cases boost overall wage growth by fueling demand, entrepreneurship, and innovation. Restricting immigration might reduce competition in some low-skill job markets, but it can also harm industries that rely on labor shortages being filled, push up costs for consumers, and slow economic growth, which in the longer run counteracts any wage gains.