> A tantalizing clue stemmed from men who have two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome, a rare condition called Klinefelter syndrome. These men run a much higher risk of suffering from autoimmune diseases, suggesting that the number of X chromosomes plays an important role.
Interesting. And apparently this is pretty common. Less than 1 in 1000 male births.
No, there are cases where males have two X chromosomes[1][2], cases where females have more[3] or less[4] than two and of course trans-women who most commonly have XY chromosomes.
‘Women’ and ‘female’ are not interchangeable; one is a gender characteristic, the other is a sex characteristic. The statement as made is valid: Women are statistically likely to be XX, rather than XY or XXY or no doubt many other variations. ‘XX is female’ is a convenient rubric that is easy to remember, but as is usual for such things, human bodies do not respect convenient rubrics regarding genetics and sexes.
No, they're both sex characteristics. It's just that there are individuals with sex chromosome aneuploidies who will develop a female phenotype, e.g. X0 (Turner syndrome) and XXX (trisomy X), and also XY individuals where the Y chromosome is deficient in specific ways, e.g. Swyer syndrome.
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Interesting. And apparently this is pretty common. Less than 1 in 1000 male births.
Just for clarity:
<1 in 1000 or;
1 in <1000?
I assume the latter because the former is less obvious as "pretty common" given that <1 could be something like 1e-10, but it's not clear as written.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1905740/
Isn't this actually the definition of female?
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klinefelter_syndrome
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XXYY_syndrome
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_syndrome
> Isn't this actually the definition of female?
‘Women’ and ‘female’ are not interchangeable; one is a gender characteristic, the other is a sex characteristic. The statement as made is valid: Women are statistically likely to be XX, rather than XY or XXY or no doubt many other variations. ‘XX is female’ is a convenient rubric that is easy to remember, but as is usual for such things, human bodies do not respect convenient rubrics regarding genetics and sexes.
That's not what most dictionaries say. They say a 'woman' is an adult female human.