My dad is Professor J.J.N. Palmer, and I worked with him on the Domesday Book data used and cited in this work.
These days we are used to having all kinds of data at our fingertips, but at the time it was a lot of work to take medieval Latin and turn it into computer readable data. We had to invent our own markup language, parsers and search engines.
> "Most of the eel rents were paid in East Anglia"
Incidentally "eel" in Spanish is "anguila" (pronounced very similar), which leads me to strongly believe these two are related.
However a quick search finds out that those are actually unrelated! Spanish "anguila" comes from latin's "anguilla", and this from "anguis" (snake). While the name East Anglia comes from the German region named "Anglia", which comes from the German word "Angeln".
Note: the Caribbean island Anguilla's name does come from "eel" for its shape, but that's a more clear later phenomena.
If this is interesting to you, I highly recommend Paul Kingsnorth's 2014 novel The Wake. It's written in a sort of de-latinized English and tells the story of an Anglo-Saxon freeman living through the Norman conquest in the Lincolnshire Fens, where much of the local economy was about catching eels. The initially far-off events of 1066 eventually make their effects felt at home, and he organizes a guerilla-like insurgency against the Normans. It's entertaining historical fiction, but more than that, the writing is truly high art, which left an impression me, not unlike Gene Wolfe.
"One enormous transaction shows that Ely Abbey, now known as Ely Cathedral, paid Thorney Abbey 26,275 eels to rent a fen" -- Ely Abbey/Cathedral are probably named after eels: see section 8 of https://www.historyhit.com/paid-in-fish-strange-uses-for-eel...
- "OE ǣl -gē , ēl -gē , 'eel-district,' as already suggested by Skeat and Ekwall... Rents of eels were a fruitful source of income for the abbots and bishops of Ely."
It was unclear to me the amount of difficulty in catching an eel and the value propositions 26,000 eels represents. From a full day of eel trapping, would I expect to bring home 10? 100? 1000? How many meals can I expect to make from a single eel?
I’d guess somewhere between 0 and 100, if you had some tenants working for you I could image 1000 although idk what you’d do with them immediately afterward salt/smoke them?
I've been making a post-apoc survival adventure game lately [1], so this bit of "eels for cash" history reminds me of it. The game's world has an economy that's been forced to regress to medieval times in many ways. Folks barter, and spend much more personal time doing hunting or gathering for their food. Its a comedy too, so I get to have fun with which particular animal species I cite and make important for their new, more rugged way of life. Some "old" (real) species, some made-up, or their mutant descendants.
Thankfully the eel itself already has a funny name, and looks kinda funny too! Yet no matter how weird, dangerous or hard to catch a creature is, when a society loses modern manufacturing infrastructure and chemical/pharmaceutical techniques and know-how, suddenly an otherwise previously "unimportant" species can become incredibly important for many applications.
Look, it's not really on point for the article, but I just want to say that you probably have NO IDEA how fucking WEIRD European eels are. Because of their insanely convoluted life cycle, really smart people thought they spontaneously generated for FAR FAR LONGER than you'd think is reasonable.
There's really great and fairly short book about eels and eel-fishing mixed in with a memoir called THE BOOK OF EELS by Patrik Svensson that I cannot recommend highly enough.
I ended up studying European Eels a lot recently and my mind was blown by how prolific they are, and how culturally and historically important they are, and yet how little we know about them. My favourite one is that we’ve known they reproduce in the Sargasso Sea since the early 20th century, due to finding larvae there, but their breeding has never been observed in the wild, and up until February THIS YEAR, an adult European Eel had never been observed to be arriving at the sea. This has now been achieved with satellite tagging https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-19248-8
New Zealand short and long fin eels are also quite interesting. They live in rivers and go far inland, able to climb even 20m waterfalls, but breed only once right at the end of their life cycle somewhere in the sub-tropic Pacific, probably in deep trenches, but it is not known where.
The longfin eels are 2m in length, can weight up to 25kg and live 40-70 years.
Due to that convoluted life cycle, we are not sure why the population is declining drastically. The numbers of young eels arriving in Europe in recent years is only 10% what it was in the 80s.
We don't know how long wild eels live (again, the life cycle) but this is much shorter than a single lifetime of captive fish.
I spoke to Patrik not too long ago about a newly formed stream where eels have started showing up. I dint know how they get up there from the sea, but spontaneous generation would seem more likely than swimming there :D.
Was out looking at them earlier today and this year must be a population record in this small stream.
These days we are used to having all kinds of data at our fingertips, but at the time it was a lot of work to take medieval Latin and turn it into computer readable data. We had to invent our own markup language, parsers and search engines.
The amount of technology we had to invent was crazy. It would be much easier these days.
Incidentally "eel" in Spanish is "anguila" (pronounced very similar), which leads me to strongly believe these two are related.
However a quick search finds out that those are actually unrelated! Spanish "anguila" comes from latin's "anguilla", and this from "anguis" (snake). While the name East Anglia comes from the German region named "Anglia", which comes from the German word "Angeln".
Note: the Caribbean island Anguilla's name does come from "eel" for its shape, but that's a more clear later phenomena.
https://paulkingsnorth.substack.com/
https://epns.nottingham.ac.uk/browse/id/5328736fb47fc40c4f00... ("Survey of English Place-Names")
- "OE ǣl -gē , ēl -gē , 'eel-district,' as already suggested by Skeat and Ekwall... Rents of eels were a fruitful source of income for the abbots and bishops of Ely."
I’d guess somewhere between 0 and 100, if you had some tenants working for you I could image 1000 although idk what you’d do with them immediately afterward salt/smoke them?
So, I would say probably like 10-20 eels per day, and 6-8 meals per eel.
Just a very enjoyable series to watch
Thankfully the eel itself already has a funny name, and looks kinda funny too! Yet no matter how weird, dangerous or hard to catch a creature is, when a society loses modern manufacturing infrastructure and chemical/pharmaceutical techniques and know-how, suddenly an otherwise previously "unimportant" species can become incredibly important for many applications.
That bite, though.
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(1. see my bio: Slartboz)
There's really great and fairly short book about eels and eel-fishing mixed in with a memoir called THE BOOK OF EELS by Patrik Svensson that I cannot recommend highly enough.
The longfin eels are 2m in length, can weight up to 25kg and live 40-70 years.
https://www.doc.govt.nz/nature/native-animals/freshwater-fis...
https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/ourchangingworld/a...
We don't know how long wild eels live (again, the life cycle) but this is much shorter than a single lifetime of captive fish.
Was out looking at them earlier today and this year must be a population record in this small stream.
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