I don't understand this single dimensional view of the world where one country has to be the "winner" or "best". Historically that has almost never been the case except for military might, which wasn't necessarily correlated with technological advancement. Economic size does matter, but that's eventually going to track population size. Why can't we have a multi polar world where different countries are good at different things, and no one has to dominate?

Which are the indigenous ethnic groups experiencing dissolution?

Isn't that basically a recurrent neural network?

Such articles about Europe always seem to ignore skilled immigration and pretend it's not important. Europe sucks at attracting skilled immigrants compared to the US, or even Canada. And the contributions of immigrant founders is well documented.

I think attractiveness to skilled immigrants is also an indicator factor of social mobility and societal openness, which indirectly plays an important role for a successful entrepreneureal ecosystem. Europe is far behind in this regard.

The original pre-print is available at: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-3647379/v1

which is probably a less spammy source than the ResearchGate link.