That someone is Natural England, who is tasked, by law, with enforcing laws that protect wildlife and the environment and needs to sign off on disruptive work:
> A spokesperson for HS2 Ltd said "multiple options" had been considered, including green bridges and restoring habitats, to "comply with laws protecting vulnerable species".
> It said through "extensive engagement" with Natural England, "a covered structure was designed".
* https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c9wryxyljglo
If you don't like it change the law so that the environment/wildlife isn't protected, or these kinds of sign offs are not requirement, or can be overrided in the enacting legislation of infrastructure projects.
There is currently a bill going through Parliament to simplify this stuff - https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3946 - though not going so far as to remove all protections.
Briefcases were also a thing as have been strip clubs since forever. Quick access to porn hasn't been a problem since the printing press was invented.
Teenagers have been looking at porn since forever. It's practically a trope of teens stealing their parents' porn mags. I don't think any of this has actually caused major societal issues.
The proposed solutions merely require that a teen steal their parent's identification, briefly, to create a porn account and move on. Heck, they can probably buy that information online if they are innovative enough. They certainly will be selling access to their porn accounts to their classmates. And even if they don't go through all that trouble, getting a porn mag is still pretty possible in the UK.
That makes this just a bad law. It doesn't meaningfully stop the problem it's meant to stop and it's expensive and intrusive. Even if privacy preserving age verification was bulletproof and perfect, you still have the access holes all over.
And then there's the simple fact that other nations exist. Yes, mainstream sites will put up protections, but what about the sealand porn site? Unless the UK wants a great firewall (ala the chinese firewall), they simply aren't going to stop this problem. Even then, VPNs are common knowledge at this point due to streaming.
Bad law, bad effects, and a pointless fight.
This sort of thing, deploying facial recognition systems in the street in the hope of finding someone, is much more insidious. Technically you can choose to bypass it, or pull something over your face, but that's more or less guaranteeing that you'll be stopped and questioned as to why you're concerned about it.
Sadly the UK never met an authoritarian they didn't like (apart from Hitler, so long as you're not as bad as Hitler himself you're good though). When surveyed the British public will call for banning basically anything they don't like, even if it doesn't impact them at all.
No, they're not. I don't know why people keep repeating this "7 million active users limit" idea, it's nowhere to be found in the actual rules. Tiny forums have already had to close because they didn't want to deal with the legal risk:
Page 64 defines a Large Service as "A service which has more than 7 million monthly active United Kingdom users".
The first two forums in your "in memoriam" list I tried looking at (Sinclair QL Forum & Red Passion Forum) are both still up.
Remember the "Repeal the Online Safety Act" petition? It has gotten over half a million signatures and the response from the government was a loud "no".
> The Government has no plans to repeal the Online Safety Act, and is working closely with Ofcom to implement the Act as quickly and effectively as possible to enable UK users to benefit from its protections.