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CrazyStat commented on If AI replaces workers, should it also pay taxes?   english.elpais.com/techno... · Posted by u/PaulHoule
immibis · a day ago
Yeah, so why is all of that?

It comes down to the capital owners owning the money printer. And nothing else.

I'm aware of a few attempts to create a labour-owned money printer (using the ideas of cryptocurrency) but none that are getting off the ground. Bitcoin is not one - it was a good idea to try, but it got captured by capital just the same as fiat money did.

CrazyStat · 20 hours ago
You can grasp for vague conspiracy theories about “the money printer”, or you can sit down and think about the concrete factors that make demand for labor (i.e. capital investments in buildings and equipment) less elastic than supply for labor. Here are a few:

- It’s fundamentally more difficult to raise and organize millions of dollars to build a factory and fill it with automatic weaving machines than it is for someone to train for a few weeks to become an automatic weaving machine operator.

- Various government regulations, from environmental protections and zoning laws that make it harder to build factories to safety regulations for operating factories, make it harder to open new factories and so decrease the elasticity of labor demand. I want to be explicit here that I am not saying these regulations are bad—but we must recognize the side effects they have.

- Long lead times on capital investments greatly increase the risk of market movements or technological advances making the business plan untenable before it gets off the ground.

- Organizational inertia slows staffing changes. Corporations often make decisions at glacial speeds. Want to hire a new team? Who is going to manage them? Who do they report to? Where will they work? These discussions can take up months, at which point the market has changed and ehhhh maybe we don’t want to hire a new team after all.

- High cost and difficulty of firing people makes hiring for a possibly short-term market opening less attractive. Think union contracts, severance pay, etc. Again, I want to be explicit that I’m not saying these are bad things, but we need to understand the effects they have.

CrazyStat commented on I don't think Lindley's paradox supports p-circling   vilgot-huhn.github.io/myw... · Posted by u/speckx
gweinberg · a day ago
Are you seriously saying that, because a point distribution may well make sense if the point in question is zero (or 1) other points are plausible also? Srsly?

The nonsense isn't just that they're assuming a point probability, it's that, conditional on that point probability not being true, there's only a 2% chance that theta is .5 += .01. Whereas the actual a priori probability is more like 99.99%.

CrazyStat · a day ago
Srsly? Srsly.

> The nonsense isn't just that they're assuming a point probability, it's that, conditional on that point probability not being true, there's only a 2% chance that theta is .5 += .01. Whereas the actual a priori probability is more like 99.99%.

The birth sex ratio in humans is about 51.5% male and 48.5% female, well outside of your 99.99% interval. That’s embarrassing.

You are extremely overconfident in the ratio because you have a lot of prior information (but not enough, clearly, to justify your extreme overconfidence). In many problems you don’t have that much prior information. Vague priors are often reasonable.

CrazyStat commented on I don't think Lindley's paradox supports p-circling   vilgot-huhn.github.io/myw... · Posted by u/speckx
gweinberg · 2 days ago
I read the page on Lindsey's paradox, and it's astonishing bullshit. It's well known that with sufficiently insane priors you can come up with stupid conclusions. The page asserts that a Bayesian would accept as reasonable priors that it's equally likely that the probability of child being born male is precisely 0.5 as it is that it has some other value, and also that if it has some other value that all values in the interval from zero to one are equally likely. But nobody on God's green earth would accept those as reasonable values, least of all a Bayesian. A Bayesian would say there's zero chance of it being precisely 0.5, but it is almost certainly really close to 0.5, just like a normal human being would.
CrazyStat · 2 days ago
A few points because I actually think Lindley’s paradox is really important and underappreciated.

(1) You can get the same effect with a prior distribution concentrated around a point instead of a point prior. The null hypothesis prior being a point prior is not what causes Lindley’s paradox.

(2) Point priors aren’t intrinsically nonsensical. I suspect that you might accept a point prior for an ESP effect, for example (maybe not—I know one prominent statistician who believes ESP is real).

(3) The prior probability assigned to each of the two models also doesn’t really matter, Lindley’s paradox arises from the marginal likelihoods (which depend on the priors for parameters within each model but not the prior probability of each model).

CrazyStat commented on If AI replaces workers, should it also pay taxes?   english.elpais.com/techno... · Posted by u/PaulHoule
immibis · 2 days ago
>>A weaver who knows how to use an automated weaving machine produces 3 times as much cloth as one who doesn't, so why don't they get paid 3 times as much?

> An automatic weaving machine, operated by a capable operator, produces 3 times as much as a manual weaver. The productivity increase is the machine, not the operator. That's my entire point.

An automatic weaving machine operator, operating a capable machine, produces 3 times as much as the lack of a machine operator. The productivity increase is the operator, not the machine. That's my entire point.

What's different between what I just said and what you just said? Nothing. In fact they can both be true. Both parties can get 3 times as much money as they did previously. Why don't they? Why does one party get 10x and the other party get 0.7x?

If productivity increase is entirely caused by machines, why did it take until 1971 for wages to decouple? The reality is that both workers and owners would like their share to be as high as possible. In 1971, however, owners seized control of the money printer and they never let it go since then.

CrazyStat · 2 days ago
> Both parties can get 3 times as much money as they did previously.

Increased productivity shifts the supply curve which will (unless demand has zero elasticity, which is unrealistic) lower the market price of the good. So tripling productivity does not triple the amount of revenue per hour worked.

> Why does one party get 10x and the other party get 0.7x?

Because the people purchasing labor (capital) are able to get the labor they need at that price. Automatic weaving machine operators are trainable, and if they were getting paid 3 times what weavers were paid then people would rush into that space, driving down labor prices—in other words, the supply of automatic weaving machine operators has high elasticity. The demand for automatic weaving machine operators (i.e. the supply of factories full of automatic weaving machines) has much lower elasticity, so capital (demand for labor) gets most of the economic surplus.

CrazyStat commented on I don't think Lindley's paradox supports p-circling   vilgot-huhn.github.io/myw... · Posted by u/speckx
senkora · 2 days ago
I really like this article.

> One could specify a smallest effect size of interest and compare the plausibility of seeing the reported p-value under that distribution compared to the null distribution. 6 Maier and Lakens (2022) suggest you could do this exercise when planning a test in order to justify your choice of alpha-level

Huh, I’d never thought to do that before. You pretty much have to choose a smallest effect size of interest in order to do a power analysis in the first place, to figure out how many samples to collect, so this is a neat next step to then base significance level off of it.

CrazyStat · 2 days ago
In a perfect world everybody would be putting careful thought into their desired (acceptable) type I and type II error rates as part of the experimental design process before they ever collected any data.

Given rampant incentive misalignments (the goal in academic research is often to publish something as much as—or more than—to discover truth), having fixed significance levels as standards across whole fields may be superior in practice.

CrazyStat commented on I don't think Lindley's paradox supports p-circling   vilgot-huhn.github.io/myw... · Posted by u/speckx
CrazyStat · 2 days ago
Huh.

This is an interesting post but the author’s usage of Lindley’s paradox seems to be unrelated to the Lindley’s paradox I’m familiar with:

> If we raise the power even further, we get to “Lindley’s paradox”, the fact that p-values in this bin can be less likely then they are under the null.

Lindley’s paradox as I know it (and as described by Wikipedia [1]) is about the potential for arbitrarily large disagreements between frequentist and Bayesian analyses of the same data. In particular, you can have an arbitrarily small p-value (p < epsilon) from the frequentist analysis while at the same time having arbitrarily large posterior probabilities for the null hypothesis model (P(M_0|X) > 1-epsilon) from the Bayesian analysis of the same data, without any particularly funky priors or anything like that.

I don’t see any relationship to the phenomenon given the name of Lindley’s paradox in the blog post.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindley%27s_paradox

CrazyStat commented on ArkhamMirror: Airgapped investigation platform with CIA-style hypothesis testing   github.com/mantisfury/Ark... · Posted by u/ArkhamMirror
CrazyStat · 2 days ago
The Secretary Problem tells us that once you’ve lived 1/e (~37%, 30ish years) of your life[1], the next time you see something that’s stupider than everything you’ve seen before there’s a 1/e chance that’s it’s the stupidest thing you’ll ever see.

[1] Strictly speaking it would be 1/e of your stupidity sightings, which may not be 1/e of your life. If you intend to retire early and become a hermit you may want to stop the exploration phase earlier.

CrazyStat commented on If AI replaces workers, should it also pay taxes?   english.elpais.com/techno... · Posted by u/PaulHoule
immibis · 3 days ago
It's not productivity itself; it's the decoupling of productivity from wages. If I'm creating 3 times as much value as my equivalent in 1970, why aren't I getting paid 3 times as much inflation-adjusted money, hmm? It's not even unfair to shareholders - they'd also get 3 times as much as in 1970. But instead they get 10 times as much and I get 0.7 times as much, or something like that. What's the deal?
CrazyStat · 3 days ago
Ok, but that’s not what the post I replied to was saying.
CrazyStat commented on If AI replaces workers, should it also pay taxes?   english.elpais.com/techno... · Posted by u/PaulHoule
smallmancontrov · 3 days ago
Insofar as productivity is a sign of the system getting imbalanced towards capital, the system should be pushed back and the everyman thrown a bone.
CrazyStat · 3 days ago
To what extent is productivity a sign of the system getting imbalanced towards capital? That relationship is not at all clear to me.
CrazyStat commented on My Favorite Math Problem   bytesauna.com/post/my-fav... · Posted by u/mapehe
praptak · a month ago
Dominoes on mutilated chessboards are matchings in a bipartite graph, a well studied problem for which an efficient algorithm exists.
CrazyStat · a month ago
I haven’t seen this representation before—I suppose the vertices of the graph are the chessboard squares, the edges are adjacency (white squares can only be adjacent to black squares and vice versa, which gives the bipartite-ness), and covering two squares corresponds to removing those two vertices from the graph?

u/CrazyStat

KarmaCake day3963May 12, 2019View Original