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peterhalburt33 · 4 years ago
I would also add that one fundamental aspect of linear algebra (that no one ever taught me in a class) is that non-linear problems are almost never analytically solvable (e.g. e^x= y is easily solved through logarithms, but even solving xe^x=y requires Lambert’s W function iirc). Almost all interesting real world problems are non-linear to some extent, therefore, linear algebra is really the only tool we have to make progress on many difficult problems (e.g. through linear approximation and then applying techniques of linear algebra to solve the linear problem).
ak_111 · 4 years ago
This is correct which is why the Implicit Value Theorem is heavily under appreciated by newcomers, since it is saying roughly that "Locally, calculus = linear algebra" meaning at a certain scale all equations is linear algebra.
OccamsRazr · 4 years ago
FWIW I lead with this whenever I find myself teaching lin.agl. and I agree it's the most important point of context for students entering the subject (and presumably embarking on undergrad math).
peterhalburt33 · 4 years ago
Yeah, it’s funny how most of high school is spent focusing on the “exceptional” solvable cases of nonlinear equations (low degree polynomials, simple trig equations, exponentials) that one can come out with the skewed idea that solvability in nonlinear equations is more common than it actually is. While I understand that it’s important to build up a vocabulary of basic functions (along with confidence manipulating them) I think it is also important to temper expectations with the reality that nonlinear behaviors are so diverse and common that it is an a small miracle that we have somehow discovered enough examples of analytically solvable systems to enable us to understand a rich subset of behaviors!
whimsicalism · 4 years ago
This is why physics should be taught along with math.

They went out of their way to explain how first-order linearity was so fundamentally important for all sorts of non-linear forces.

peterhalburt33 · 4 years ago
One of my favorite perspectives on the difficulty of formulating a general theory of PDE in light of the difficulties posed by nonlinearities is Sergiu Klainerman’s “PDE as a unified subject” https://web.math.princeton.edu/~seri/homepage/papers/telaviv.... If I understand correctly, any general theory of PDE would have to incorporate all the subtle behaviors of nonlinear equations such as turbulence (which has thus far evaded a unified description). Indeed, ”solvable” nonlinear systems in physics are so special Wikipedia has a list of them https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrable_system. With this perspective, I’m tempted to say (in a non-precise manner) that solvable systems are the vanishingly small exception to the rule in a frighteningly deep sea of unsolvable equations.

Dead Comment

melling · 4 years ago
Any thoughts on acquiring the skills needed to understand linear algebra so it’s possible to read Axler’s Linear Algebra Done Right

https://linear.axler.net/

… or Mathematics for Machine Learning

https://mml-book.github.io/

There are YouTube videos for both books:

Axler: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLGAnmvB9m7zOBVCZBUUmSinFV...

MML: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLiiljHvN6z1_o1ztXTKWPrShr...

plandis · 4 years ago
Perhaps not what you’re looking for but if you can get through Griffith’s Quantum Mechanics you likely can get through Axler. I found it helpful to draw examples from QM when self studying in Linear Algebra Done Right.
peterhalburt33 · 4 years ago
Huh, somehow I also learned LA best through Griffiths QM. I almost wish Griffiths would write a Linear Algebra textbook.
grumpymouse · 4 years ago
I’ve been watching the 18.06SC linear algebra course on MIT OpenCourseWare (taught by Gilbert Strang) and it’s really great - one of the best courses I’ve ever seen. I’ve just started the follow-up course that covers applications.
qorrect · 4 years ago
Isn't it so good?! The way he starts the class having you thinking you missed a reading or something, and then by the end of the lecture you have an aha moment. Feels like he crams an aha moment into each lesson too, so good.
hnrj95 · 4 years ago
axler’s text is phenomenal, but it’s probably not what you’re looking for if you want an “applied” view into computational techniques gleaned from linear algebra. the text centers on finite dimensional vector spaces, in the standard, mathy, axiomatic way—which is far more general than the prototypical numerical usage in standard programming problems in most swe jobs
touisteur · 4 years ago
I agree here. I tried to power through the book (which to be fair is really clear, didactic and still concise) and I was stumped because I'm more practical minded, and I'd be trying to look for examples in my domain (signal processing: filtering, beamforming, mle/map, compression, etc.) and I'd be stumped quite fast.

I appreciate any textbook with interesting real world examples and slow worked-through solutions. But maybe I'm a bit too lazy to do the work myself.

I still haven't grasped really what svd does, why it is different from eigenstuff (and... well... what eigenvalues/vectors are...) and the link between those and solving linear systems, and with the characteristic polynomial, and matrix inversion, and... I have intuitions, and I can mostly implement the stuff, but no clear understanding.

So... I suck at learning linear algebra :-)

the__alchemist · 4 years ago
This seems like a way of viewing a small subset of linear algebra (matrix multiplication). My favorite approach is 3 Blue1Brown's visual one, also avail on Khan Academy.

This article leaves out the key insight of matrices as a transformation of space.

teleforce · 4 years ago
For an intuitive and comprehensive book on linear algebra, Mike Cohen has self-published an excellent book on linear algebra [1]. He also has a very popular Udemy course on the same subject [2].

[1] Linear Algebra: Theory, Intuition, Code:

https://leanpub.com/linear_algebra

[2] Complete linear algebra: theory and implementation in code:

https://www.udemy.com/course/linear-algebra-theory-and-imple...

lookingforsome · 4 years ago
I really enjoyed this, almost read as a primer in less academic order of operations and something more natural in the form of intuitive learning. Thanks for sharing!
lordleft · 4 years ago
An amazing blog that has made a lot of math more accessible to me.
kuharich · 4 years ago
dang · 4 years ago
Thanks! Macroexpanded:

An Intuitive Guide to Linear Algebra (2012) - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22416319 - Feb 2020 (102 comments)

An Intuitive Guide to Linear Algebra - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8920638 - Jan 2015 (51 comments)

An Intuitive Guide to Linear Algebra - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4633662 - Oct 2012 (115 comments)

patrick451 · 4 years ago
> An operation is a calculation based on some inputs. Which operations are linear and predictable? Multiplication, it seems.

> Exponents (F(x)=x^2) aren’t predictable: 10^2 is 100, but 20^2 is 400. We doubled the input but quadrupled the output.

I'm struggling to find sympathy for this tortured definition. "Predictability" seems like such poor way to work out an explanation for linearity.