Are there any other VM's like the BEAM? I never heard of any (admittedly I know little of this subject), and I wondered,
is it because there is no need for another one because the BEAM is just so good, or is it because the amount of work and skill required to get another BEAM-like runtime with comparable quality is too demanding?
The reality is modern Kubernetes infrastructure looks a lot like BEAM, at least in the capabilities it offers. That's the far more common way of deploying highly scalable, self-healing systems in the current year. Plus, with k8s you're not constricted to a single language (there are a few more than Erlang/Elixir, but nothing popular) with limited developer resources and interest.
True enough, but if you have a victim unpacking and building untrusted tarballs there's no security boundary being crossed, is there? You don't have to bother with this symlink nonsense, just update the install script to include your payload directly.
Honestly this vulnerability is dumb. I don't see any realistic scenario where it can be exploited by an unprivileged attacker.