Readit News logoReadit News
tasty_freeze commented on Is particle physics dead, dying, or just hard?   quantamagazine.org/is-par... · Posted by u/mellosouls
jiggawatts · 5 hours ago
This is "expected" from theory, because all particles seem to be just various aspects of the "same things" that obey a fairly simple algebra.

For example, pair production is:

    photon + photon = electron + (-)electron
You can take that diagram, rotate it in spacetime, and you have the direct equivalent, which is electrons changing paths by exchanging a photon:

   electron + photon = electron - photon
There are similar formulas for beta decay, which is:

   proton = neutron + electron + (-)neutrino
You can also "rotate" this diagram, or any other Feyman diagram. This very, very strongly hints that the fundamental particles aren't actually fundamental in some sense.

The precise why of this algebra is the big question! People are chipping away at it, and there's been slow but steady progress.

One of the "best" approaches I've seen is "The Harari-Shupe preon model and nonrelativistic quantum phase space"[1] by Piotr Zenczykowski which makes the claim that just like how Schrodinger "solved" the quantum wave equation in 3D space by using complex numbers, it's possible to solve a slightly extended version of the same equation in 6D phase space, yielding matrices that have properties that match the Harari-Shupe preon model. The preon model claims that fundamental particles are further subdivided into preons, the "charges" of which neatly add up to the observed zoo of particle charges, and a simple additive algebra over these charges match Feyman diagrams. The preon model has issues with particle masses and binding energies, but Piotr's work neatly sidesteps that issue by claiming that the preons aren't "particles" as such, but just mathematical properties of these matrices.

I put "best" in quotes above because there isn't anything remotely like a widely accepted theory for this yet, just a few clever people throwing ideas at the wall to see what sticks.

[1] https://arxiv.org/abs/0803.0223

tasty_freeze · 4 hours ago
> This is "expected" from theory, because all particles seem to be just various aspects of the "same things" that obey a fairly simple algebra.

But again, this is just observation, and it is consistent with the charges we measure (again, just observation). It doesn't explain why these rules must behave as they do.

> This very, very strongly hints that the fundamental particles aren't actually fundamental in some sense.

This is exactly what I am suggesting in my original comment: this "coincidence" is not a coincidence but falls out from some deeper, shared mechanism.

tasty_freeze commented on Is particle physics dead, dying, or just hard?   quantamagazine.org/is-par... · Posted by u/mellosouls
PaulHoule · 5 hours ago
If it wasn't the case then matter wouldn't be stable.
tasty_freeze · 4 hours ago
Agreed (well, assuming the delta is more than a small fraction of a percent or whatever). But this is begging the question. If they are really independent then the vast, overwhelming fraction of all possible universes simply wouldn't have matter. Ours does have matter, so it makes our universe exceedingly unlikely. I find it far more parsimonious to assume they are connected by an undiscovered (and perhaps never to be discovered) mechanism.

Some lean on the multiverse and the anthropic principle to explain it, but that is far less parsimonious.

tasty_freeze commented on Is particle physics dead, dying, or just hard?   quantamagazine.org/is-par... · Posted by u/mellosouls
Paracompact · 4 hours ago
If you imagine the universe is made of random real fundamental constants rather than random integer fundamental constants, then indeed there's no reason to expect such collisions. But if our universe starts from discrete foundations, then there may be no more satisfying explanation to this than there is to the question of, say, why the survival threshold and the reproduction threshold in Conway's Game of Life both involve the number 3. That's just how that universe is defined.
tasty_freeze · 4 hours ago
Why do you assume the two have to be small integers? There is nothing currently in physics which would disallow the electron to be -1 and the proton to be +1234567891011213141516171819. The fact they are both of magnitude 1 is a huge coincidence.
tasty_freeze commented on Is particle physics dead, dying, or just hard?   quantamagazine.org/is-par... · Posted by u/mellosouls
Paracompact · 5 hours ago
Technically, the charge of a proton can be derived from its constituent 2 up quarks and 1 down quark, which have charges 2/3 and -1/3 respectively. I'm not aware of any deeper reason why these should be simple fractional ratios of the charge of the electron, however, I'm not sure there needs to be one. If you believe the stack of turtles ends somewhere, you have to accept there will eventually be (hopefully simple) coincidences between certain fundamental values, no?
tasty_freeze · 5 hours ago
I'm aware of the charge coming from quarks, but my point remains.

> you have to accept there will eventually be (hopefully simple) coincidences between certain fundamental values, no?

When the probability of coincidence is epsilon, then, no. Right now they are the same to 12 digits, but that undersells it, because that is just the trailing digits. There is nothing which says the leading digits must be the same, eg, one could be 10^30 times bigger than the other. Are you still going to just shrug and say "coincidence?"

That there are 26 fundamental constants and this one is just exactly the same is untenable.

tasty_freeze commented on Is particle physics dead, dying, or just hard?   quantamagazine.org/is-par... · Posted by u/mellosouls
tasty_freeze · 5 hours ago
Here is one fact that seems, to me, pretty convincing that there is another layer underneath what we know.

The charge of electrons is -1 and protons +1. It has been experimentally measured out to 12 digits or so to be the same magnitude, just opposite charge. However, there are no theories why this is -- they are simply measured and that is it.

It beggars belief that these just happen to be exactly (as far as we can measure) the same magnitude. There almost certainly is a lower level mechanism which explains why they are exactly the same but opposite.

tasty_freeze commented on What's the Entropy of a Random Integer?   quomodocumque.wordpress.c... · Posted by u/sebg
buredoranna · 9 hours ago
one of my favorites

https://xkcd.com/221/

tasty_freeze · 7 hours ago
Around 2001 I was working at Broadcom's networking division in San Jose. The switch chip we were working on (10Gbps x 8 ports) was understaffed and we hired a contractor at $120/hr to do verification of the design. He was pretty young, but he came across as confident and capable, and every weekly meeting he was reporting good progress.

Unfortunately we weren't reviewing his work, just trusting his reports, as we were overworked getting our own parts done. After a three months of this I said to the project lead: something smells wrong, because he hasn't filed a single bug against my design yet.

So we looked at his code, lots of files and lots of code written, all of it plumbing and test case generation, but he hadn't built the model of the chip's behavior. At the heart of it was a function which was something like:

    bool verify_pins(...) {
       return true;
    }
We asked him what was going on, and he said he was in over his head and had been putting off the hard part. Every morning was lying to himself that that was the day we was going to finally start tackling building the model for the DUT. His shame seemed genuine. My boss said: we aren't paying you for the last pay period, just go away and we won't sue you.

My boss and I literally slept at work for a month, with my boss building the model and fixing other TB bugs, and I addressed the RTL bugs in the DUT as he found them.

tasty_freeze commented on Early Christian Writings   earlychristianwritings.co... · Posted by u/dsego
spacebanana7 · 3 days ago
There has never been a manuscript of a Gospel with anyone other than the traditional author attributed. And they’ve always been cited by the traditional names - even in Islamic, Jewish or heretical writings.

The arguments made in favour of Paul’s authenticity largely come from internal textual cues - but is that really more persuasive?

I don’t mean to suggest too strongly one side of the Gospel authorship debate over the other, only that these issues mix objective facts with subjective interpretation in a way that makes it very difficult to outsource to scholarly consensus.

tasty_freeze · 3 days ago
Bible scholar Dan McClellan is on youtube and does short videos rebutting popular youtube/tiktok videos that make claims that aren't historical. Dan has said that the four names were not assigned to the texts until the second half of the 2nd century, probably around 180CE or so. That leaves 80-100 years where the books were in circulation before the naming convention was established.

The subject of authorship comes up frequently so he has addressed it a few times, but here is a short (under 7 minute) video. It isn't just an assertion, he gives reasons why he makes these claims:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxyiUg1D6N0

tasty_freeze commented on Flock CEO calls Deflock a “terrorist organization” (2025) [video]   youtube.com/watch?v=l-kZG... · Posted by u/cdrnsf
tasty_freeze · 4 days ago
I wonder how he would feel about a competitor putting a flock-like camera outside his house so that anyone who wants to can learn whenever any car, perhaps his car, enters or leaves his home driveway.

Would he be happy with this, or would he become a "terrorist" by objecting?

tasty_freeze commented on Wirth's Revenge   jmoiron.net/blog/wirths-r... · Posted by u/signa11
satvikpendem · 5 days ago
While the author says that much of it can be attributed to the layers of software in between to make it more accessible to people, in my experience most cases are about people being lazy in their developing of applications.

For example, there was a case of how Claude Code uses React to figure out what to render in the terminal and that in itself causes latency and its devs lament how they have "only" 16.7 ms to achieve 60 FPS. On a terminal. That can do way more than that since its inception. Primeagen shows an example [0] of how even the most terminal change filled applications run much faster such that there is no need to diff anything, just display the new change!

[0] https://youtu.be/LvW1HTSLPEk

tasty_freeze · 5 days ago
This sounds like how curses did things, a 1980 technology.

On the other hand, if the guy in the video ran his app over a remote connection with limited bandwidth, diffing would probably perform better. I have a one Gbps google fiber connection to my job but at times my vpn bandwidth can choke down to a couple hundred kbps and sometimes worse.

tasty_freeze commented on xAI joins SpaceX   spacex.com/updates#xai-jo... · Posted by u/g-mork
RIMR · 7 days ago
I am with you 100%.

It was easy to support SpaceX, despite the racist/sexist/authoritarian views of its owner, because he kept that nonsense out of the conversation.

X is not the same. Elon is actively spewing his ultraconservative views on that site.

Now that these are the same company, there's no separation. SpaceX is part of Musk's political mission now. No matter how cool the tech, I cannot morally support this company, and I hope, for the sake of society, it fails.

This announcement, right after the reveal that Elon Musk reached out to Jeffrey Epstein and tried to book a trip to Little St. James so that he could party with "girls", really doesn't bode well.

It's a shame you can't vote these people out, because I loved places like Twitter, and businesses like SpaceX and Tesla, but Elon Musk is a fascist who uses his power and influence to attack some of the most important pillars of our society.

tasty_freeze · 7 days ago
> X is not the same. Elon is actively spewing his ultraconservative views on that site.

I wonder if Musk would be willing to let a journalist do a deep dive on all internal communications in the same way he did when he took over twitter.

u/tasty_freeze

KarmaCake day7950December 22, 2013View Original