No, the US has far more religious fundamentalists than the EU. They believe that such a system is tantamount to taking the Mark of the Beast, quoting Revelation 13:16-17:
> And he causes all, the small and the great, and the rich and the poor, and the free men and the slaves, to be given a mark on their right hand or on their forehead, and he provides that no one will be able to buy or to sell, except the one who has the mark, either the name of the beast or the number of his name.
Additionally, politicians who pay lip service to these beliefs have an extremely strong and malleable voting bloc. It's a little crazy that a modern society is held hostage by such superstitions, but that's the way it's been. Fortunately, we just this year crossed beneath the 50% church membership threshold and the numbers continue to drop.
You're significantly overestimating the amount of pull that type of person has in the US anymore, while simultaneously dramatically (I can only assume willfully) misquoting that bible verse.
So, even if you consider it absurd, this particular belief IS widely-enough held to influence behavior and public policy in the US.
[1] https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#vaccinations_vacc-...
Please show me where it lists the reasons for not vaccinating on the page you linked, as I only see numbers on whether or not people are vaccinated. As it stands, your claim has zero statistical evidence to back it up. In fact, your link has zero relevance to your claim in any way.