Compression isn't just gain adjustment - it's a specific type of audio processing that increases perceived "gain" (loudness) of the entire source audio by "compressing" the levels of loud frequencies & increasing the levels of quiet frequencies.
Normalization increases gain of all frequencies at any given point-in-time while reducing gain of all frequencies at other points in time. It doesn't reduce dynamic range.
When you do that then the difference between the loudest and the quietest part of the audio gets reduced. That's dynamic range reduction.
https://www.androidauthority.com/psa-google-pixel-911-emerge...