I'm still waiting on my "new kind of science." Wolfram makes all sorts of interesting claims, maybe he should focus more on interesting results.
I'm still waiting on my "new kind of science." Wolfram makes all sorts of interesting claims, maybe he should focus more on interesting results.
>CBT is significantly more effective than no therapy in reducing symptoms of anxiety in children and young people.
>No clear evidence indicates that one way of providing CBT is more effective than another (e.g. in a group, individually, with parents).
>CBT is no more effective than other 'active therapies' such as self-help books.
The thing about therapy, is that you usually want benefits to last for a duration that makes the effort put in worthwhile.
>Only four studies looked at longer-term outcomes after CBT.
>No clear evidence showed maintained improvement in symptoms of anxiety among children and young people.
If you take a look at the results further they conclude:
>The few controlled follow-up studies (n = 4) indicate that treatment gains in the remission of anxiety diagnosis are not statistically significant.
I'd like to remind you that "significant" in the context of a meta-analysis means "statistically significant." If something performs at the level of a self-help book, most lay people would agree that is not a very effective treatment, even if it has a statistically significant impact.
* Because the therapy is asking the patient to do something that, at some level they don't want to do and think is going to be painful, therapists generally have to exert significant effort to persuade the patient to continue to the point where they benefit.
* Most (all?) Psychological therapies have a high failure rate. A significant fraction of the patients won't be helped, and so the persuasion above is harming a large fraction of patients (the opportunity cost of a failed therapy, which generally takes months, is huge)
I have not seen this problem acknowledged at all by the psychological professions. There ought to be a good deal of research into how to decide the optimal stopping point, and making sure that the operation of a therapy causes the least possible harm to those is doesn't help. But my impression is that the cognitive dissonance of delivering an intervention that will help some, but expensively fail many, is too much for most therapists. They generally continue to believe that the patient would be helped if they held on for long enough, and don't provide any support for a rational process for deciding when to give up on a given approach, resulting in the kind of gaslighting and blaming described here.
It is done because otherwise in the 9/10 cases where things do not improve, you feel you have failed. Much easier if the client fails you instead.
You can tell yourself, "well, maybe next time they'll get better -- after all, it takes many relapses before people kick a drug habit!"
This is a lot easier to swallow than "Oh god this stuff barely is working at all, I'm mostly just a gigantic resource suck and the money I'm paid would be much better spent getting this person stable housing and other support--but that's a lot less attractive to tax payers."
I got out of social work when I had that realization. Initially I coped by saying I was a "Good Person" in a helping profession, so I never looked too deeply into whether any of this horse shit actually was "evidence-based."
Every Psych 101 class should cover the current findings on efficacy of psychotherapies. But they never do, for obvious reasons.
If you look at a longitudinal, high-quality trial (or meta-analysis, since you'd be very lucky to find any of these) of ANY psychotherapy for a specific problem, they are all pretty underwhelming in terms of efficacy.
Even CBT for conditions like anxiety in youth is poorly supported. This one, for example, shows that it is no more effective than a self-help book:
https://www.cochrane.org/CD004690/DEPRESSN_cognitive-behavio...
You can also see the similar conclusions in these meta-analysis:
https://www.cochrane.org/CD008712/SCHIZ_cognitive-behavioura...
https://www.cochrane.org/CD012614/ENT_cognitive-behavioural-...
I think it is important to realize that medications and therapies for most psychological illnesses are not particularly effective.
We try them because they are still better than doing nothing at all.
There also seems to be decent evidence that receiving empathy and compassion from therapists is more effective than their mode of therapy (See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_factors_theory).
I have often seen in the mental health industry, people overstating the efficacy of treatments. CBT and anti-depressants are particularly bad offenders.
And as much as their past has portions that are super fucked up, wasn't that also a reflection of American society at the time?
I just think that for as much harm as the FBI historically caused, they've also busted enormous criminal rings and done a lot to reduce organized crime. I genuinely think Americans would be worse of without them, even with my bias as a leftist that typically loathes alphabet soup surviellance agencies.
I love the topic too, a comedian whining about "cancel culture."
So great. Sparks joy. Definitely not a tired subject, more please!
Lossless file compression. As far as I know none of the algorithms in widespread use are neural-based, despite the fact that compression is clearly a rich statistical modeling problem, at least on par with GPT-3-style language understanding in difficulty. There are published attempts to solve the problem with neural networks, but they simply don’t work well enough to date. Modern solutions also still use old-fashioned AI ingredients like compiled dictionaries of common natural-language words — any other domain where nat-lang dictionaries are useful has been conquered by neural solutions, e.g. spelling and grammar checkers.
http://mattmahoney.net/dc/text.html
I don't see examples of high performing symbolic AI based compression algorithms anywhere, but again I am very ignorant, do you have examples?
I would not be surprised if this new DE will serve for both Linux and RedoxOS.
I'm not a Rustacean but these memory related CVEs need to stop. Any small steps toward a memory safe(r) OS is good news to me!
Fucking bullshit.
Depression lies to you. And, once you live with it long enough, you know it lies to you.
You know that the voice that tells you that nothing is worth doing is not speaking truly.
You know that the voice that says that there's nothing, absolutely nothing that will ever bring joy to you, and that there is nothing to look forward to, neither tomorrow nor any time in the future - you know it's not speaking truly.
You know that the voice that tells you that you are worthless, that you are a burden, that you are nothing but a disappointment and a waste of everything that was given to you, and everyone would have been better off if you removed yourself from that equation because all you do is let everyone else down - you know that that voice is lying to you.
Often enough you know it's lying, in particular, about you being not just unworthy of love, but inherently unlovable because people who love you tell you they do, and you know they are speaking the truth.
You know that voice is lying, and yet you believe it, you believe it as strongly as anything can be believed, and you wave away everyone else.
That's the bitch part of depression: you can't logic it away. You know your brain is sabotaging you, and you just roll along until, for whatever reason, you can't anymore.
And yet even after bouncing up from that abyss, the next time you end up there, that voice will sounds as convincing as it ever did.
You can't logic yourself out of beliefs, I completely get that. Once you realize how depressed you are, you're usually also mired in terrible thoughts and negativity.
But in my experience, I HAVE to try to logic myself out of patterns of behaviors. I also need to fight those beliefs, as futile as it seems. Hear me out here:
I think one of the most toxic things was when I thought it was a chemical imbalance completely out of my control -- so there was nothing I could do but take pills and passively wait for my brain chemistry to correct itself.
I have recovered from like 4 or 5 episodes of major depression now, and the key for me every time has been a) realizing I'm depressed b) waiting for/creating a day when I have the energy to think and address this, and then c) reflecting on and fighting against thoughts and behaviours extending/reinforcing the depression.
Obviously this is a messy and inefficient process with a lot of slippage. And maybe it doesn't work for other people, or maybe I've got something else wrong with me than just major depression, and that's why it works.
Anyways, not trying to invalidate your experience, just sharing what I've found works for me.